Scientific Program

Conference Series Ltd invites all the participants across the globe to attend 2nd Annual Conference and Expo on Biomaterials Madrid, Spain.

Day 1 :

Conference Series Biomaterials 2017 International Conference Keynote Speaker Orlando Auciello photo
Biography:

Orlando Auciello graduated with MS (1973) and PhD (1976) degrees in Physics from the Physics Institute “Dr. Balseiro” (Universidad Nacional de Cuyo-Argentina). He is an EE at the University of Córdoba, Argentina (1970), Researcher at the University of Toronto, Canada (1979-1984), Associate Professor at NCSU, USA (1985-1988), Distinguished Scientist at MCNC, USA (1988-1996), and Distinguished Argonne Fellow (1996-2012) at Argonne National Laboratory, USA. Currently, he is a Distinguished Chair at University of Texas at Dallas. He is directing basic and applied research programs on multifunctional oxide and novel Ultrananocrystalline Diamond (UNCD) thin films and their application in industrial, high-tech, and medical devices. The UNCD film technology is commercialized for industrial products by Advanced Diamond Technologies founded by him and his colleagues, (2003, profitable in 2014), and by Original Biomedical Implants (OBI-USA, 2013) and OBI-México (2016) for medical devices. He has edited 20 books and published about 500 articles in several fields, and holds 20 patents. He is an Associate Editor of APL and Integrated Ferroelectrics. He was the President of the Materials Research Society (2013) and a Fellow of AAAS and MRS.

Abstract:

New paradigms in the research and development of nanocarbon thin films are providing the bases for new physics, new materials science and chemistry, and their impact in a new generation of multifunctional biomedical devices. This talk will focus on discussing the science and technology of the new paradigm material named ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCDTM) in thin film form and integration into a new generation of medical devices and implants as described below: UNCD films co-developed and patented by O Auciello and colleagues are synthesized by novel microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition and hot filament chemical vapor deposition techniques using an Ar-rich/CH4 chemistry that produces films with 2-5 nm grains. The fundamental science underlying the synthesis and properties of the UNCD films and applications to devices will be discussed. The UNCD films exhibit the lowest friction coefficient (0.02-0.04) compared with metals (≥0.5) currently used in many prostheses (e.g., hips, knees), electrically conductive UNCD coatings with nitrogen in grain boundaries can enable a new generation of neural electrodes, UNCD coatings are extremely biocompatible. Original Biomedical Implants (OBI-USA) and OBI-México, founded by Auciello and colleagues, are developing new generations of implantable medical devices based on the biocompatible UNCD coatings, namely: a) UNCD-coated silicon based microchip implantable inside the eye as a key component of the artificial retina to return partial vision blind by genetically-induced degeneration of  photoreceptors; b) new generation of Li-ion batteries with ≥10x longer life and safer, using UNCD-based electrodes, membranes and inner wall battery case, enable next generation of defibrillator/pacemakers; c) new generation of implantable prostheses (e.g., dental implants, hips, knees) coated with UNCD eliminates failure of current metal-based implants due to synergistic mechanical wear/chemical corrosion by body fluids; d) UNCD-coated polymer with brain neurons tailored stiffness enables next generation less invasive electrodes for neural stimulation.

 

Recent Publications:


1. R Zysler, A Berra, P Gurman, O Auciello, MJ Saravia (2016) Material for medical use comprising nanoparticles with super-paramagnetic properties and its utillization in surgery. US Patent # 9,427,354.
2. DR Tasat, ME Bruno, M Domingo, P Gurman, O Auciello, ML Paparella, P Evelson, MB Guglielmotti, DG Olmedo (2016) Biokinetics and tissue response to ultrananocrystalline diamond nanoparticles employed as coating for biomedical devices. J Biomedical Materials Res. Part B: Applied Materials 008: 1-8.
3. O Auciello, Y Tzeng, CP Liu, CK Lin, YW Cheng (2015) Nanocrystalline-diamond/carbon and nanocrystalline-diamond/silicon composite electrodes for li-based batteries. US Patent # 9,196,905.
4. O Auciello, P Gurman, MB Guglielmotti, DG Olmedo, A Berraand, MJ Saravia (2014) Biocompatible ultrananocrystalline diamond coatings for implantable medical devices. MRS Bulletin 39(07): 621–629.
5. O Auciello and B Shi (2010) Science and technology of bio-inert thin films as hermetic-encapsulating coatings for implantable biomedical devices: Application to implantable microchip in the eye for the artificial retina, CH 3 in implantable neural prostheses 2: Techniques and engineering approaches. DD Zhou and E Greenbaum (Eds). Springer: 63-70.

 

 

Conference Series Biomaterials 2017 International Conference Keynote Speaker José Manuel Baena photo
Biography:

José Manuel Baena, MSc is a Research Associate. He is the Founder of BRECA Health Care, pioneer in 3D printed custom made implants for orthopedic surgery, and REGEMAT 3D, the first Spanish bioprinting company. He is an expert in innovation, business development and internationalization. He is a Lecturer in some business schools, and  is passionate  about Biomedicine and Technology. In his free time, he also works as a Researcher at the Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER).

Abstract:

Tissue regeneration (TR) is currently one of the most challenging biotechnology unsolved problems. Tissue engineering (TE) is a multidisciplinary science that aims at solving the problems of TR. TE could solve pathologies and improve the quality of life of billions of people around the world suffering from tissue damages. New advances in stem cell (SC) research for the regeneration of tissue injuries have opened a new promising research field. However, research carried out nowadays with two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures do not provide the expected results, as 2D cultures do not mimic the 3D structure of a living tissue. Some of the commonly used polymers for cartilage regeneration are Poly-lactic acid (PLA) and its derivates as Poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA), Poly(glycolic acids) (PGAs) and derivates as Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acids) (PLGAs) and Poly caprolactone  (PCL). All these materials can be printed using fused deposition modelling (FDM), a process in which a heated nozzle melts a thermoplastic filament and deposits it in a surface, drawing the outline and the internal filling of every layer. All these procedures uses melting temperatures that decrease viability and cell survival. Research groups around the world are focusing their efforts in finding low temperature printing thermoplastics or restricted geometries that avoid the contact of the thermoplastic and cells at a higher temperature than the physiologically viable. This mainly has 2 problems; new biomaterials need a long procedure of clearance before they can be used in clinical applications, and restrictions in geometries will limit the clinical application of 3D printing in TE. We have developed an enhanced printing process named Injection Volume Filling (IVF) to increase the viability and survival of the cells when working with high temperature thermoplastics without the limitation of the geometry. We have demonstrated the viability of the printing process using chondrocytes for cartilage regeneration. This development will accelerate the clinical uptake of the technology and overcome the current limitation when using thermoplastics as scaffolds.

 

Recent Publications:

1. Ti 3D printing and 3D cell bioprinting. New horizons in implantology and maxillofacial surgery. Spanish society of oral and maxillofacial surgery (SECOM) June 2016.
2. 2014 REGEMAT 3D: A Modular Multicomponent Work Station for 3D bioprinting in Regenerative medicine. Current trends and future directions in orthopaedic surgery . Building organs: Milestones and Challenges in tissue engineering Friday, 26th September, 2014.
3.“REGEMAT 3D bioprinting for cartilage regeneration and much more” www.3dbioprintingconference.com January 2016.
4. Real-time probabilistic model-based monitoring bioreactor for engineered cartilage, ESUCB 2013.
5. Proyecto FABIO. Desarrollo de una nueva generación de productos sanitarios personalizados. Ferrís-Oñate J, Morales-Martín I, Blanco-Fernández M, Baena-Martínez JM, Delgado-Gordillo J, Hurtós-Casals E, Atorrasagasti-Goyalde G, Bermejo-Bosch I, Atienza-Vicente CM, Solera-Navarro MJ. Proyecto FABIO. Desarrollo de una nueva generación de productos sanitarios personalizados. Revista de Biomecánica 2010, 53, 75-78.

  

 

Break: Group Photo & Coffee Break: 10:30-10:45@Zamora
  • Track 10: Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
    Track 14: 3D Printing of Biomaterials
    Track 5: Biomaterials Applications
Speaker

Chair

Elisabeth Engel

University of Catalonia, Spain

Speaker

Co-Chair

Miguel Angel Mateos Timoneda

CIBER of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Spain

Session Introduction

Elisabeth Engel

University of Catalonia, Spain

Title: Tailoring microenvironments for in situ regeneration

Time : 10:45-11:10

Speaker
Biography:

Elisabeth  Engel is an Associate  Professor  at  Technical University of Catalonia since 2010. She received her PhD in 2003 in Bone Metabolism Diseases from a Medical School. She was appointed as PI at the Group of Biomaterials for Regenerative Therapies since September, 2012 at the Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia. Her research interests include the preparation and design of materials and scaffolds for in vitro and in vivo fundamental studies, and a further focus is the provision of useful tools to assess mechanisms that govern cell behaviour in regenerative medicine.

Abstract:

At present, tissue engineering for bone regeneration seeks to obtain scaffolds that mimic the cell microenvironment to recruit stem and progenitor cells to recapitulate the development of target tissues. Herein, we have explored the use of citric acid related to bone nanostructure and mechanical performance, to develop scaffolds resembling the extracellular matrix of developing bone. Elastin-like recombinamers (ELRs) hydrogels were achieved through a one-step chemical crosslinking reaction with citric acid, a molecule currently considered to be essential for the proper performance of bone tissue. We were able to control the architecture and stiffness of citric acid-crosslinked hydrogels while preserving the integrity of adhesion sequences in ELRs. Interestingly, the use of citric acid conferred so-produced hydrogels the ability to nucleate calcium phosphate. In vivo implantation of both mechanically-tailored and non-tailored citric acid-crosslinked hydrogels demonstrated to be able to mineralize the new formed tissue and to integrate into bone in critical size defects in mouse calvaria. Both types of hydrogels showed bone tissue formation by intramembranous ossification. The non-mechanically tailored scaffold showed higher cellular activity (in terms of osteoblasts and osteoclasts presence) related to a lower density of the matrices that allowed higher cell penetration.

    

 

Recent Publications:

1. Sánchez Ferrero A, Mata Á, Mateos Timoneda MA, Rodríguez Cabello JC, Alonso M, Planell J, Engel E (2015) Development of tailored and self-mineralizing citric acid crosslinked hydrogels for in situ bone regeneration. Biomaterials 68:42-53
2. Mendes AC, Smith KH, Tejeda-Montes E, Engel, E, Reis RL, Azevedo HS, Mata A (2013) Co-assembled and microfabricated bioactive membranes. Advanced Functional Materials 23(4): 430-438
3. Levato R, Planell JA, Mateos-Timoneda MA, Engel E (2015) Role of ECM/peptide coatings on SDF-1α triggered mesenchymal stromal cell migration from microcarriers for cell therapy. Acta Biomater. 18:59-67
4. Oliveira Hugo, Catros Sylvain, Boiziau Claudine, Siadous Robin, Marti‐Munoz Joan, Bareille Reine, Rey Sylvie, Castano Oscar, Planell Josep, Amédée Joëlle, Engel Elisabeth (2016) The proangiogenic potential of a novel calcium releasing biomaterial: Impact on cell recruitment Acta Biomaterialia 29:435‐445
5. Álvarez  Z,   Castaño   O,   Castells   AA, Mateos-Timoneda MA, Planell JA, Engel E, Alcántara S (2014) Neurogenesis and vascularization of the damaged brain using a lactate-releasing biomimetic scaffold. Biomaterials 3517:4769-4781.

Avelina Sotres Vega

National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Mexico

Title: Biomaterials as a tool for teaching and learning training programs on surgery

Time : 11:10-11:35

Speaker
Biography:

Avelina Sotres Vega has her expertise in teaching and learning programs on surgery using preserved biomaterials either by cryopreservation or lyophilization as well as cryopreserved tracheal grafts in experimental models of long segment replacement mainly. 

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: Developing surgical skills is essential in the training of all surgical specialties. However ethical, legal and economic issues have limited surgical training. As surgical educators, we are always trying to identify new ways to provide skills training. We have developed training programs to teach surgical skills to junior surgeons from human and veterinary medicine based on laboratory animals using preserved tissues and organs as surgical training biomaterials. The goal is to help the trainees acquire the abilities and dexterity necessary to perform surgery on patients.

Methodology: We created a small bank of cryopreserved tracheas and stomachs harvested from Wistar rats as well as cryopreserved tracheas and lyophilized esophagus that were harvested from dogs. All animals were previously used in research studies. Stomachs, tracheas and esophagus were cleansed with saline solution, after this, tracheas and esophagus were mounted on polypropylene tubes. In the stomachs, the pyloric antrum was tied with silk 1-0, stomachs were filled with hyaluronic acid solution and the distal esophagus was tied too. Tracheas and esophagus were trimmed in segments of 5 cm. Cryopreservation of tracheas and stomachs was made with a controlled-rate freezer (-1ºC/min) and stored at -30ºC for 30 to 60 days. All the esophagus were lyophilized at -55ºC and 10 mBar of vacuum pressure during 24 hours and sterilized with low temperature hydrogen peroxide gas plasma process. On the day of the surgical skills practice, the cryopreserved organs were thawed at room temperature and all the esophagus were rehydrated with saline solution at 4ºC. Each preserved organ was used to perform end-to-end anastomosis with 4-0 running polypropilene or single stitches. Preserved organs are inexpensive, practical, portable bench models and have high-fidelity that improve the tactile perception and facilitate surgical skills learning by improving how trainees handle tissue and surgical instruments.
 

Recent Publications:
 

1. Sotres-Vega A, Villalba-Caloca J, Azrad-Daniel S, García-Montes JA, Torre-Jaime JL, Guadarrama-Sánchez I, Pérez-Covarrubias D, Santibañez-Salgado JA (2016). Surgical Skills Training with Cryopreserved Rat Stomachs. Journal Veterinary Medical Education 43(4):420-426.
2. Giraldo-Gomez DM, Leon-Mancilla B, Del Prado-Audelo ML, Sotres-Vega A, Villalba-Caloca J, Garciadiego-Cazares D, Piña-Barba MC (2016). Trypsin as enhancement in cyclical tracheal decellularization: Morphological and biophysical characterization. Materials Science & Engineering. C, Materials for Biological Applications (2016) 59:930-7. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.10.094.
3. J. Pineda-Gutiérrez, A. Sotres-Vega, J. Villalba-Caloca, M. Alonso-Gómez, S. Aja-Guardiola, J. García-Jarquín, S. Martínez-Fonseca, J. Salas-Hernández (2016). Preservation of cardiopulmonary blocks: A real and interactive biomaterial for teaching and learning lung plethysmography and mechanical ventilation. International Journal of Engineering Research & Science (IJOER) 2(4):162-166.
4. Olmos-Zúñiga JR, Jasso-Victoria R, Díaz-Martínez NE, Gaxiola-Gaxiola MO, Sotres-Vega A, Heras-Romero Y, Baltazares-Lipp M, Baltazares-Lipp ME, Santillán-Doherty P, Hernández-Jiménez C (2016). Lyophilized allografts without pre-treatment with glutaraldehyde are more suitable than cryopreserved allografts for pulmonary artery reconstruction. The Brazilian of Medical and Biological Research 49(2):e5001. doi: 10.1590/1414-431X20155001.
5. Sotres-Vega A, Osorio-Necoechea ME, Salas-Galindo G, González-Ramón SC, Guadarrama-Sánchez I, Villalba-Caloca J, Santibáñez-Salgado JA (2013). Bench surgical training with lyophilized esophageal segments. Acta Cirurgica Brasileira 28(8):619-23.

 

Miguel Angel Mateos Timoneda

CIBER of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Spain

Title: Design of a Composite Bioink for Bioprinting Applications

Time : 11:35-12:00

Speaker
Biography:

M A Mateos-Timoneda is an expert in the field of Biomaterials and Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering. He holds a PhD in Supramolecular Chemistry from the University of Twente (Enschede, The Netherlands). Since 2007, he is a Senior Researcher at CIBER en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN) and in the Biomaterials for Regenerative Therapies Group at the Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC) in Barcelona (Spain). His main interests are the study of cell delivery using biodegradable microcarriers and 3D printing and bioprinting.

Abstract:

3D bioprinting is an expanding field that allows the fabrication of customized tissue engineered scaffolds with encapsulated cells. Designing a biomaterial fit for 3D printing and cell encapsulation (bioink) is a complex task due to the high number of requirements that need to be accomplished. Bioinks are usually based on combinations of different hydrogels due to their encapsulation capacities, but other kinds of materials can be added in order to improve certain characteristics of the final scaffold. A novel composite bioink that includes alginate as a printable hydrogel and calcium-releasing particles as a vascularization promoter is optimized and studied. Rheometry studies show that the addition of calcium-releasing particles to alginate increases its viscosity, but does not alter its shear thinning properties; therefore maintaining the printability of the material. Solid scaffolds with theoretically high nutrient diffusion rates (filament diameter ≈ 200 µm) are printed using this novel bioink and a novel cross-linking method. A bioprinting procedure that includes encapsulation of cells is optimized and tried out successfully with different bioinks, obtaining good survival rates. The addition of calcium releasing-particles improves cell survival after the bioprinting process as well as during the first culture days. Moreover, the interaction between calcium-releasing particles and alginate is proven to be adequate for bioprinting and could be an interesting line of research for bone regeneration and tissue vascularization applications.

 

Recent Publications:


1. Levato R, Visser J, Planell JA, Engel E, Malda J, Mateos‐Timoneda MA (2014) Biofabrication of tissue constructs by 3D bioprinting of cell‐laden microcarriers. Biofabrication 6:035020.
2. Puñet X, Machauffé R, Giannotti MI, Rodríguez‐Cabello JC, Sanz F, Engel E, Mateos‐Timoneda MA, Planell JA (2013) Enhanced cell‐ material interactions through the biofunctionalization of polymeric surfaces with engineered peptides. Biomacromolecules 14:2690.
3. Levato R, Planell JA, Mateos‐Timoneda MA, Engel E (2015) Role of ECM/peptide coatings on SDF‐1a triggered mesenchymal stromal cell migration from microcarriers for cell therapy. Acta Biomater 18:59.
4. Baelo A, Levato R, Julián E, Crespo A, Astola J, Gavaldà J, Engel E, Mateos‐Timoneda MA, Torrents E (2015) Disassembling bacterial extracellular matrix with DNase‐coated nanoparticles to enhance antibiotic delivery in biofilm infections. J Control Release 209:150.
5. Levato R, Mateos‐Timoneda MA, Planell JA (2012) Preparation of biodegradable polylactide microparticles via a biocompatible procedure. Macromol Biosci 12:557. 

Speaker
Biography:

Sybille Facca, MD, PhD, has her expertise in Orthopedic, Hand and Nerve Surgery as an Orthopedic Surgeon at Strasbourg Hospital University since 2007. She was the first person focusing her research on bone and cartilage regeneration and drug delivery systems of bone cements or nanofibers membranes and osteointegration of orthopaedic implants. Now, she is also focusing her research on tubes for nerve regeneration, microsurgery simulation or microanastomosis mechanical properties and new design of wrist arthroplasty, in a biomechanical laboratory of Strasbourg University.

Abstract:

During the last ten years, tissue engineering has merged with regenerative nanomedicine by combination, not only of new biomaterials but also of stem cell technology and growth factors. The goal of this work was to use bone and cartilage engineering as a model, in order to improve and to develop active and living nanostructured implants. We were interested in the development of biomaterials (natural or synthetic), tridimensional (3D), transplantable for bone and cartilage diseases treatments, that are able to induce more cellular differentiation and improved tissue regeneration. We have developed 3 types of nanostructured implants, (i) titanium implants coated with hydroxyapatite and carbon nanotubes in order to improve osteoformation and osteoinduction around arthroplasty implants; (ii) active capsules functionalized by growth factors and stems cells for bone induction (in vitro/in vivo) after a bone defect; (iii) electrospun nanofibrous membranes functionalized by growth factors and (Osteoblasts/Chondrocytes) for bone and cartilage regeneration, in vitro and in vivo.

Recent Publications:
 

1. Facca S, Lahiri D, Fioretti F, Messadeq N, Mainard D, Benkirane-Jessel N, Agarwal A (2011) In vivo osseointegration of nano-designed composite coatings on titanium implants. ACS Nano 5:4790-4799.
2. Facca S, Lahiri D (2012) Nanoreinforcement of hydroxyapatite coatings on titanium for osseointegration of orthopaedic implants. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin. 15 Suppl 1:10-11.
3. Eap S, Keller L, Ferrand A, Schiavi J, Lahiri D, Lemoine S, Facca S, Fioretti F, Mainard D, Agrawal A, Benkirane-Jessel N (2014) Nanomechanical properties of active nanofibrous implants after in vivo bone regeneration. Nano Life 04(01) DOI: 10.1142/S1793984414500019.
4. Vaiss L, Ichihara S, Ramirez DG, Hendriks S, Liverneaux P, Facca S (2015) A comparative study about ionizing radiation emitted during radiological "skyline" view of the wrist in pronation versus supination. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol 25:309-311.
5. Perruisseau-Carrier A, Bahlouli N, Po C, P Vernet, Facca S , Liverneaux P (2017) Analysis of the modifications of MRI signal of the brachial plexus of rats: Comparative study before and after freezing/thawing. Ann Chir Plast Esthet pii: S0294-1260 (16) 30214-X. 

 

 

 

 

Speaker
Biography:

José Manuel Baena, MSc is a Research Associate. He is the Founder of BRECA Health Care, pioneer in 3D printed custom made implants for orthopedic surgery, and REGEMAT 3D, the first Spanish bioprinting company. He is an expert in innovation, business development and internationalization. He is a Lecturer in some business schools, and  is passionate  about Biomedicine and Technology. In his free time, he also works as a Researcher at the Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER).

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: The 3D bioprinting of tissues and organs represents a major breakthrough in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. Cartilage and bone regeneration provides an alternative in the treatment of diseases such as degenerative osteoarthritis, injuries of articular cartilage, osteonecrosis and bone fractures, among others. The purpose of this study is to describe the design, development and preparation of a bioink with hyaluronic acid (HA) to manufacture cartilage and bone by 3D bioprinting.

Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: For the formulation of bioinks, two hyaluronic acids were studied: high molecular weight sodium hyaluronate (bioinkA) and low molecular weight sodium hyaluronate (bioinkB), both of intra-articular grade. The HA was combined with alginate and human chondrocytes. The biopaper studied was the polylactic acid (PLA). Cell viability was studied for each bioink.

Findings: The results obtained showed that the HA concentration before and after the bioprinting process did not affect chondrocyte viability. Additionally, cells remained in proliferation after 5 weeks. The rheological properties of each bioink showed mild differences between bioinkA and bioinkB.

Conclusion & Significance: Considering the mild differences in rheological properties between the two experimental bioinks, it may be concluded that both formulations can be used for cartilage and bone bioprinting.

 

Recent Publications:
 

1. Gálvez-Martín P, Hmadcha A, Soria B, Calpena-Campmany AC, Clares-Naveros B (2014) Study of the stability of packaging and storage conditions of human mesenchymal stem cell for intra-arterial clinical application in patient with critical limb ischemia. European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics 86:459-468.
2. Gálvez P, Clares B, Bermejo M, Hmadcha A, Soria B (2014) Standard requirement of a microbiological quality control program for the manufacture of human mesenchymal stem cells for clinical use. Stem Cells and Development 23:1074-1083.
3. Gálvez P, Martín MJ, Calpena AC, Tamayo JA, Ruiz MA, Clares B (2014) Enhancing effect of glucose microspheres in the viability of human mesenchymal stem cell suspensions for clinical administration. Pharmaceutical Research 31:3515-3528.
4. Martín MJ, Calpena AC, Fernández F, Mallandrich M, Gálvez P, Clares B (2015) Development of alginate microspheres as nystatin carriers for oral mucosa drug delivery. Carbohydrate Polymers 117:140-149.
5. Llavero F, Urzelai B, Osinalde N, Gálvez P, Lacerda HM, Parada LA, Zugaza JL (2015) Guanine nucleotide exchange factor αPIX leads to activation of the Rac 1GTPase/Glycogen phosphorylase pathway in interleukin (IL)-2-stimulated T cells. Journal of Biological Chemistry 290:9171-9182.

Break: Lunch Break: 12:50-13:50@Zamora

Deniz Yucel

Acıbadem University, Turkey

Title: The effect of scaffold topography on behavior of dental pulp stem cells

Time : 13:50-14:15

Speaker
Biography:

Deniz Yucel has expertise in the field of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, 2D and 3D polymeric material design, stem cells (mesenchymal stem cells from various sources and neural stem cells), construction of biosensors, and enzyme/protein immobilization on polymeric materials. She received Best PhD Thesis Award in 2010 from Middle East Technical University for her PhD thesis titled, “Stem cell based nerve tissue engineering on guided constructs”. During her PhD, she worked on mesenchymal stem cells and microfluidic systems for one year at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) - Harvard Medical School and at Tufts University. She is currently working on stem cells, studying their behavior on different scaffolds, and mainly on tissue engineering applications for various tissues like nerve, bone, tendon, and blood vessel.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: Tissue engineering aims to restore the damaged tissues or organs that are incapable of functioning properly. It involves scaffolds seeded with preferably the patient’s own cells like mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). For guided tissues,like nerve and bone, incorporation of guidance platforms into scaffold designs are known to enhance the regeneration environment. The aligned topography creates a permissive milieu for cell attachment, growth, cytoskeletal organization, guidance and even differentiation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of scaffold topography on behavior of dental pulp stem cells, such as their attachment, proliferation and orientation.
 
Methodology: Random and aligned fibrous mats of polymer blend were fabricated by electrospinning. Human MSCs were isolated from dental pulp tissue. MSCs were seeded and cultured on biodegradable fibrous mats. Proliferation of cells on electrospun mats was studied using MTS. The cytoskeletal and nuclear orientation of the cells on scaffolds were investigated by confocal microscopy after FITC-Phallodin and DAPI staining for cytoskeleton and nucleus.
 
Findings: Random and aligned electrospun fibers without beads were obtained under optimized conditions. MTS results revealed that MSCs were able to grow and increase in number on both random and aligned fibers. Confocal microscopy results demonstrated that MSCs responded to the topography of scaffolds. MSCs on aligned electrospun mats were well oriented along the axis of the fiber while the cells on the randomly organized fibers appeared to spread randomly in every direction.
 
Conclusion & Significance: In the present study, guided tissue engineering approach with MSCs aligned on the highly oriented mats showed that it could serve as a guiding substrate for structural and functional regeneration for oriented tissue injuries.
 

Cristina Plamadeala

Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria

Title: Bio-inspired microstructures for directional liquid transport

Time : 14:15-14:40

Speaker
Biography:

Cristina Plamadeala has a Bachelor’s and Master’s degrees in Biophysics and Medical Physics from the Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Iasi, Romania. Currently, she is enrolled in the PhD program of Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria, under the supervision of a Dr. Johannes Heitz and Dr. Werner Baumgartner. Her scientific work is done in the framework of the European FET-OPEN project 665337 titled, "Laser-induced nanostructures as biomimetic model of fluid transport in the integument of animals (LiNaBioFluid)". The main focus of her work is to create laser-induced microstructures for potential bio-medical applications in the fields of fluid transportation and tissue engineering.

Abstract:

The interdisciplinary field of biomimetics has been very successful in solving engineering problems by searching for solutions in nature. Through the process of evolution, many living organisms developed different structural and chemical material properties that assured the continuation of a certain species. Technological challenges dealing with wetting and liquid collection and transportation also found solutions in nature. Our main focus is on the directional transport of liquids and as a role-model for this application, we used the flat bugs (Dysodius lunatus). Here, we present arrays of microstructures produced by two-photon polymerization technique that mimic the micro-ornamentation from the bugs’ cuticle. A good directionality of liquid transport was achieved, directly controlled by the direction of the pointed microstructures at the surface. These results could therefore be interesting for applications in friction and wear reduction.
 

  • Track 1: Advanced Biomaterials
    Track 7: Biomaterials and Nanotechnology
Speaker

Chair

Monica Lopez Fanarraga

UNIVERSITY OF CANTABRIA-IDIVAL, Spain

Speaker

Co-Chair

Isabel Rodriguez

IMDEA-Nanoscience, Spain

Session Introduction

Mónica López Fanarraga

UNIVERSITY OF CANTABRIA-IDIVAL, Spain

Title: Bio-degradable carbon nanotubes display intrinsic anti-tumoral effects

Time : 14:40-15:05

Speaker
Biography:

Monica L Fanarraga obtained Bachelor’s in Vet. Med. from the University of Zaragoza (Spain), PhD by the University of Glasgow (UK) and Dr. Med. by the University of Cantabria (Spain). Currently, she directs the group of Nanomedicine at the IDIVAL Institute in Santander, Spain. The IDIVAL Nanomedicine group studies the biological response to different nanomaterials focusing in the study of nanomaterials as treatments for cancer, nanotoxicity and nanodelivery.

Abstract:

The complex biosynthetic relationships of nanomaterials with the cellular components, resulting in their chemical nature, surface properties or morphology are often unpredictable. Our research group has demonstrated that Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) can penetrate inside cells and bind microtubules interfering with the cellular biomechanics. This biomimetic interaction leads to the formation of biosynthetic tubulin polymers displaying an enhanced stability that triggers anti-proliferative, anti-migratory and cytotoxic effects in different types of cancer cells. This antitumor activity is intrinsic to the nature of MWCNTs, complementary and synergetic to that of traditional microtubule-stabilizing anticancer drugs such as Taxol®. A key issue to take into account for the development of new alternatives to traditional drugs based on nanodevices or nanomedicines is the possible long-term effects of these nanomaterials, the tissue accumulation and the elimination rates, just as for traditional cytotoxic chemotherapies, CNTs can also interfere with the function of healthy cells and produce many unwanted side-effects. Consequently, unless most concerns about the toxicity of these materials disappear, the development of new treatments based on CNTs offer a poor risk-to-benefit ratio in oncology. Our group investigates different surface treatments on MWCNTs to make these nanomaterials more biocompatible and biodegradable. Improving in vivo biodegradability of MWCNTs - some of the most resistant materials discovered - is not trivial. Here we show how to preserve the anticancer properties of these nanomaterials, these treatments should maintain the general morphology of the tubes to retain the biomimetics of these filaments with the microtubules. Furthermore, we show how single dosages of o-MWCNTs produce significant anti-tumoral effects in vivo, in solid malignant melanomas produced by allograft transplantation in murine recipients. We believe these findings have critical implications for the development of new CNT-based nanotherapies to overcome drug resistance in cancer among other applications.
 
 
 
Recent Publications:
 

1. García‐Hevia L et al. (2015) Multiwalled carbon nanotubes interfere with cell biomechanics inhibiting cancer cell migration. Adv. Healthc. Mat. 4:1640‐4.
2. Villegas J et al. (2014) Multiwalled carbon nanotubes hinder brain macrophage function interfering with cell migration and phagocytosis. Adv. Healthc. Mat. 3:424-32.
3. García-Hevia L et al. (2015) Anticancer cytotoxic effects of multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Curr. Pharm. Design. 21:1920-1929.
4. García-Hevia L et al. (2016) Multiwalled carbon nanotubes inhibit tumor progression in a mouse model. Adv. Healthc. Mat. 5:1080-7.
5. García‐Hevia L et al. (2016) Nano‐ZnO leads tubulin macrotube assembly and actin bundling triggering cytoskeletal catastrophe and cell necrosis. Nanoscale. 8:10963‐73.

 

Speaker
Biography:

Isabel Rodriguez is a Research Professor at IMDEA-Nanoscience. Her research interest is on areas related to the application of micro and nano fabrication technologies on polymeric materials to construct functional surfaces. She currently works on the development of antibacterial surfaces and cell culture platforms for cell biomechanical studies. She is also working on the development of multifunctional surfaces, particularly on those with super-hydrophobic, anti-reflective and self-cleaning properties.

Abstract:

Cells can react to synthetic surfaces with a wide way of responses which depend upon many factors, including chemical composition of the surface and the physical properties of the bulk substrate material, including substrate stiffness, topography feature size and geometry. It is now widely accepted that mechanical stimulus exerted onto cells by topographic cues can set off specific physiological processes that ultimately dictate the cell behaviour and fate. Identifying the specific topographical cues that lead to a specific cell behaviour, that is still an endeavour in biomaterial research for application areas impacting regenerative medicine or tissue engineering. In this sense, there have been numerous approaches to develop materials with fine control of the topographical features using micro and nanofabrication techniques. In our laboratory, we use polymer nanoimprinting to produce with nanoscale precision and high reproducibility, cellular instructive micro and nano topographical environments. We specifically investigate the response of progenitor neural stem cells to dense high aspect ratio polymer pillars on the micro and nano scale studies on cell viability, morphology, cell spreading and migration indicating that high aspect ratio topographies impact dramatically the cytoskeleton remodelling and distribution of the cellular tractions which in turn, gave rise to very distinctive cell behaviour. Nanosurface features inspired on the moth eye topography have also been investigated as bactericidal biocompatible surfaces for bionic implants. This surface has been demonstrated to be an effective bactericidal topography against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. At the same time, the surface supported cell growth and did not influence the biological cellular responses.
 
 
 
 
Recent Publications:

 
1. Viela F, Granados D, Osorio M R and Ayuso A, Rodríguez I (2016) Biomechanical cell regulation on high aspect ratio nanoimprinted pillars. Advanced Functional Materials 26: 5599-5609.
2. Ho AY, Luong-Van E, Lim CT, Natarajan S, Elmouelhi N, Low H Y, Vyakarna M, Cooper K and Rodriguez I (2014) Lotus bioinspired superhydrophobic, self-cleaning surfaces from hierarchically assembled templates. Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 52: 603-609.
3.  Rodriguez I, Lim C, Natarajan S, Ho YY, Luong van E, Elmouelhi N , Low HY, Vyakarnam M and Cooper K (2013) Shear adhesion strength of gecko-inspired tapes on surfaces with variable roughness. Journal of Adhesion. 89: 921-936.
4. Luong-Van E, Rodriguez I, Low HY, Elmouelhi N, Lowenhaupt B, Natarajan S, Lim CT, Prajapati R, Vyakarnam M and Cooper K (2013) Micro- and nanostructured surface engineering for biomedical applications. Journal of Materials Research 28: 165-174.
5.  Lin L, Chu YS, Thiery JP, Lim CT, Rodriguez I (2013) Microfluidic cell trap array for controlled positioning of single cells on adhesive micropatterns. Lab on Chip 13: 714-721. 

 

Speaker
Biography:

Anna Cifuentes-Rius is an NHMRC Early Career Fellow at the Future Industries Institute and the ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology. She is working in the design of three-dimensional nanoarchitectures of bioresponsive nanoparticles, containing drugs and bioactives for a range of therapeutic targets including cancer. Her interdisciplinary research is largely focused on the understanding of the biointerface of advanced bio and nano-materials for the application in the emerging field of theranostics.

Abstract:

Despite the advances in developing efficient chemotherapy drugs, their efficacy may be diminished by the predisposition of some tumors to drug resistance and non-specific toxicity. Nanomedicine offers the possibility of tackling these key clinical challenges, by designing target delivery platforms for a combination of cancer therapies. To overcome drug resistance, we explore the synergy of hyperthermia with conventional chemotherapy. Due to the higher susceptibility of cancer cells to elevated temperatures compared to healthy cells, hyperthermia stimulates the uptake of anticancer drugs in tumor cells. Thus, nanoparticle (NP)-based delivery systems combining hyperthermia with traditional chemotherapeutics may afford the efficient treatment of highly drug-resistant tumors. Additionally, NP vectorization of therapeutics by actively targeting membrane receptors overexpressed in cancer cells has been recently suggested as a way to ensure selective delivery and improve therapeutic outcomes. Porous silicon (pSi) NPs are (i) biodegradable, (ii) suitable for conjugation with moieties for targeting of a specific cell population, and (iii) exhibit efficient loading of chemotherapy drugs. Here, we utilized these unique characteristics of pSiNPs and loaded them with multiple therapeutics while also immobilizing cell-specific antibodies to achieve active targeting. We have developed antibody functionalized pSi NP loaded with a combination of chemotherapy drug and gold nanoclusters (AuNCs). By selective targeting, these nanocarriers were observed to actively deliver both the chemotherapy drug and AuNCs to human B cells. The accumulation of AuNCs to target cells rendered them more susceptible to the co-delivered chemotherapy drug when an external electromagnetic field in the microwave region was applied. This approach represents a targeted two-stage delivery nanovector that takes advantage of dual therapeutic action in order to enhance cytotoxicity.
 
 
 

Recent Publications:

1.  H Alhmoud, B Delalat, R Elnathan, A Cifuentes-Rius, A Chaix, ML Rogers, JO Durand and NH Voelcker (2015) Title of the abstract. Advanced Functional Materials 25:1137-1145. 

 

Break: Networking & Refreshment: 15:55-16:10@Zamora
Speaker
Biography:

Michaela Fousova is a PhD student of Materials Science study program at the University of Chemistry and Technology in Prague, Czech Republic. She focuses on metallic biomaterials research and development. The main subject of her professional interest is 3D printing technology applied in the medical sector. She cooperates with industrial companies producing medical implants and also other research centers dealing with metallic additive manufacturing. She already published several papers on the topic of titanium alloy or stainless steel prepared by selective laser melting technology. Recently, she has also got into touch with electron beam melting technology.

Abstract:

Metallic 3D printing is gaining more and more attention in these days and is gradually becoming a part of industrial production. A lot of metals and alloys can be processed already and there are more than five methods being intensely studied and improved. Application fields of this technology are very wide as almost any shape and design can be achieved. One of the most important fields is biomedicine. With 3D-printed biocompatible metals of desired shape and structure, bone defects can be successfully treated. Although bone structure with gradient porosity can be mimicked, mechanical properties can be adjusted to meet natural properties of the treated bone and osseointegration can be promoted. There are still some drawbacks needing to be solved. Especially in the case of porous structures, there is a problem of unmelted powder particles (being the material input) adhering to the final surface. These particles are harmful for several reasons. Not only they have a negative impact on mechanical performance (particularly fatigue life) and tribological properties, but they might also loosen into the body and set off an inflammatory reaction. Therefore, for biomaterials, surface quality and properties are of a particular importance. Our work focused on titanium alloy Ti6Al4V and its surface morphology and cell compatibility when prepared by 3D printing technology. Although biocompatibility of this broadly used alloy is well known, the interaction with biological environment may be affected by the 3D printing process. For this purpose, samples prepared by two most frequent metallic 3D printing methods – Selective Laser Melting (SLM) and Electron Beam Melting (EBM) were characterized in the as-printed state. Comparison of surface morphology and chemistry has been made. To assess cell compatibility contact in vitro tests were performed.
 
 
 
 
Recent Publications:
 

1. Fousová M et al. (2017) Promising characteristics of gradient porosity Ti-6Al-4V alloy prepared by SLM process. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials. In press.

 

Peng-Sheng Wei

National Sun Yat-Sen University, Taiwan

Title: Stages for Pore Formation during fabrication of Porous materials

Time : 16:35-17:00

Speaker
Biography:

Peng-Sheng Wei has received his PhD from Mechanical Engineering Department at University of California, Davis, in 1984. He has been a Professor in the Department of Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Engineering of National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, since 1989. He has contributed to advancing the understanding of and to the applications of electron and laser beam, plasma and resistance welding through theoretical analyses coupled with verification experiments. He has published more than 80 journal papers, given keynote or invited speeches in international conferences more than 90 times. He is a Fellow of AWS (2007) and a Fellow of ASME (2000). He has also received the Outstanding Research Achievement Awards from both the National Science Council (2004) and NSYSU (1991, 2001 and 2004), the Outstanding Scholar Research Project Winner Award from National Science Council (2008), the Adams Memorial Membership Award from AWS (2008), the Warren F. Savage Memorial Award from AWS (2012) and the William Irrgang Memorial Award from AWS (2014). He has been the Xi-Wan Chair Professor of NSYSU since 2009 and invited Distinguished Professor in the Beijing University of Technology, China, since 2015.

Abstract:

The pore shape in solid as a result of entrapment of a bubble by a solidification front is predicted in this work. Pore formation in solid influence microstructure of materials and contemporary issues of biology, engineering and climate change, etc. This work extends previous models by accounting for realistic mass and momentum transport across a self-consistent shape of the bubble cap. It is found that there exist three stages of solute concentration at the cap or solute gas pressure in the pore during solidification for initial contact angle greater than 90 degrees. Significant drops occur in the early stage and end of a middle stage at which solute concentration at the cap is about that in liquid far from the solidification front and contact angle is near 90 degrees. On the other hand, solute concentration at the cap exhibits two stages in most cases. The predicted pore shape agrees with experimental data. Increases in mass transfer coefficient and solidification rate decrease the pore radius. The predicted pore shape agrees with experimental data.
 
 
 

Recent Publications:
 

1. Wei PS, Chao TC (2016) The effects of drilling parameters on pore size in keyhole mode welding. ASME Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering; 138: 021008.
2. Wei PS, Chang CC (2016) Existence of universal phase diagrams for describing general pore shape resulting from an entrapped bubble during solidification. ASME Journal of Heat Transfer; 138: 104503.
3.  Wei PS, Hsiao SY (2016) Effects of mass transfer coefficient on pore shape in solid. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer; 103: 931-939.
4.  Wei PS, Hsiao SY (2016) Effects of solute concentration in liquid on pore shape in solid. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer; 103: 920-930.